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Semi-Solid Battery

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What is a Semi-Solid Battery?

A semi-solid battery is a new type of battery technology that falls between traditional liquid lithium-ion batteries and solid-state batteries. It features a hybrid design that integrates solid-state and liquid electrolytes. It utilizes a slurry-like electrode material composed of fine lithium compound particles suspended in a liquid electrolyte. Ion exchange and current flow occur through two streams of positively and negatively charged slurry, separated by a water-permeable membrane.

Composition of a Semi-Solid Battery

1. Cathode (Positive Electrode) – Similar to conventional lithium-ion batteries, it can use materials like Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NCM) or Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP).

2. Anode (Negative Electrode) – Often made of graphite, silicon-based materials, or lithium metal to increase energy density.

3. Semi-Solid Electrolyte 

1. Uses a high-concentration gel-like or slurry electrolyte, reducing the amount of free-flowing liquid electrolyte.

2. Falls between solid-state and liquid electrolytes, balancing safety and conductivity.

4. Separator – Usually thinner and more heat-resistant to improve safety and stability.

Advantages of Semi-Solid Batteries

Higher Safety – Reduces flammable liquid electrolytes, lowering the risk of thermal runaway and fire.
Increased Energy Density – Higher than traditional lithium-ion batteries, offering longer battery life. Right now, the energy density is from 260Wh/kg to 340Wh/kg, the higher the energy density is, the lighter the battery weight will be with the same capacity.With the continuous development of science and technology, higher density batteries will appear soon.
Better Low-Temperature Performance – More stable performance in cold environments than liquid-based batteries.

Applications in Drones

For those UAV Industrial drones, VTOL, which require high payload capacity and long endurance, are particularly well-suited for semi-solid batteries. Compared to lithium-ion batteries of the same capacity, semi-solid batteries are lighter, allowing drones to carry heavier payloads and achieve longer flight times. Additionally, they offer enhanced safety and durability, making them a superior choice.  

 

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